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When a person does not consider themselves free to stop working or to leave their place of work because of coercion, threat or deception.

When a person has pledged their services as a security for a debt AND

• that debt is manifestly excessive OR
• the person’s services are not applied to liquidate the debt OR
• the length and nature of the services is not limited or defined

When a person is deceived about their work and their work involves exploitation through a type of modern slavery.

When a person gets married without freely and fully consenting because of coercion, threat or deception or because they’re incapable of understanding the nature and effect of the marriage ceremony because of age or mental capacity.

When children (under 18) are:

• trafficked or in situations of modern slavery (servitude, debt bondage or forced labour) OR
• sexually exploited through child prostitution, the production of pornography or pornographic performances OR
• used to produce or traffic drugs OR
• engaged in work that is likely to harm their health, safety or morals.
• This will include children working in hazardous or dangerous environments, industries or sectors such as mining, quarrying and construction.

When a person does not consider themselves free to stop working or to leave their place of work because of coercion, threat or deception AND the person is significantly deprived of their personal freedom in aspects of their life outside of work (eg they’re told when they are allowed to eat, sleep or shower.

The recruitment, harbouring or movement of a person by means including coercion, threat, deception, fraud and abduction for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation being serious exploitation – that is at the end of the trafficking journey, the person finds themselves in a form of modern slavery (eg forced labour). The Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2018, produced by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes, found that 1 in 3 trafficked people finds themselves in forced labour at the end of their journey.

When a person exercises powers of ownership over another. In essence, it’s when a person treats another like a commodity or object; able to be sold, purchased or traded.